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← RoadmapDay 5 of 90Foundations2h 10m

Lists, dicts, sets, and choosing between them

By the end of today you can pick the right collection for a problem and defend the choice, and you can say roughly how expensive a lookup is in each one without having measured it.

YesterdayOn Day 4 you learned that functions receive and return values. Today you meet the values they most often carry.

TomorrowTomorrow things go wrong on purpose, and you learn to read what Python tells you when they do.

01

Why this matters

Choosing the wrong collection is a bug that only appears at scale. The dict you reach for today is the same idea as a cache on Day 60 and a database index on Day 43.

  • Lists
  • Dictionaries
  • Sets
  • Choosing a collection
02

Learn it

70 min

Copy this into Claude or ChatGPT. It quizzes you before it explains anything, which is deliberate. The resources under it are how you check what it told you.

Today's Master Prompt

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A prompt written for this day alone: your level, the exact scope, what to leave out, and an instruction to quiz you before it explains anything. Paste it into Claude or ChatGPT and it teaches you today's material.

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Check it against something that is not a model

An assistant can be fluent and wrong, and on a topic you met today you will not catch it. These cover the same ground and were made by people who do this for a living, so they are what you hold the explanation up against. They are other people's work and we only link to them, so judge them for yourself.

5 hand-picked resources

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Videos, official docs and articles covering the same ground, each opened and annotated by hand. They are what you check the assistant against on a day you cannot yet catch it being wrong.

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03

Build it

40 min

Build a list of 100,000 strings and a set of the same strings. Time how long it takes to check membership for a value that is not present, in each. Then write a small program that counts how many times each word appears in a paragraph, using a dict, and explain why a list would have been the wrong choice.

04

Recall it

20 min

Answer out loud, reveal, then mark honestly whether you had it. That score is the only thing on this page you do not get to choose.

4 recall questions

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Questions you answer from memory, then grade yourself against the real answer. The score is carried into the mastery rating below it, so an honest miss cannot quietly become a tick.

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05

Rate it

Completion and mastery are tracked separately. Be honest, because an inflated rating only means the concept resurfaces sooner.

Mastery tracking

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Rate yourself against five named criteria per concept. Completion and mastery are tracked separately, and anything you rate shakily comes back automatically on a spaced schedule.

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06

Recap

  • 01Lists keep order and position; searching one means checking every element
  • 02Dicts and sets hash a key so lookup barely slows as they grow
  • 03Keys must be immutable, which is why tuples work and lists do not
  • 04Choosing a collection is choosing which operation you want to be cheap

Your progress

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Mark days complete, pick up where you left off across devices, and watch completion and mastery diverge. Free, and the account exists only so ninety days of work cannot vanish with a cleared browser.

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